You Asked It!

Red Spinach Variety Released

USDA Red, a true red spinach
Photo: USDA/ARS

Traditionally, spinach is the color green. There are some leafy greens called red spinach, but only the veins are red and they are not true spinach. Now, a true red spinach variety has been traditionally bred to give consumers a new outlook on spinach.

Since 2006, when an E. coli outbreak occurred, spinach consumption has dropped from 2.3 pounds per person to 1.6 pounds. Growers are hopeful this new color will bring consumers back.

The red color comes from betacyanin, a phytonutrient that has been shown to reduce oxidative stress in patients and could help prevent chronic disease, inflammation, and cancer.

Learn more at www.ars.usda.gov/news-events/news/research-news/2019/worlds-first-true-red-spinach-variety-released/.

About Karen Blakeslee

The Rapid Response Center was formed in 1995 as a resource for Kansas State University Research & Extension Agents. Resource topics included Food Science, Human Nutrition, Food Service, Textiles, Home Care and other consumer topics. Since that time, the Center has grown to be of valuable assistance to Kansas State University Extension Specialists in those areas.
3 thoughts on “Red Spinach Variety Released
  1. Hence, in androgenic tissue, testosterone is converted to a more potent metabolite, whereas
    19-nortestosterone is transformed to a less potent
    one. As 5α-reduction occurs readily in androgenic tissue but is negligible in skeletal muscle, this explains why 19-nortestosterone has
    a larger myotrophic-to-androgenic ratio in comparison with testosterone (Figure 6).
    For example, sort 2 5α-reductase appears to not be necessary for the sebaceous gland response to androgens and
    the event of pimples, but it’s now recognized that the principal isoenzyme in this gland is the type
    1 form (Thiboutot et al., 1995; Sato et al., 1998). This suggests that further work at the molecular degree
    is required to higher understand the action of androgens on sebaceous gland function.
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    Steroids may be an effective way to treat quite a lot of well being situations.
    Medical Doctors may prescribe steroid medications to
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    The adjustments made to C-17 to inhibit hepatic degradation make almost all
    oral preparations hepatotoxic.
    Anavar-only 6-8 weeks cycles could be between 40mg and 100mg daily dosing, with much less suppression than Dianabol.
    Anavar is great for fat-burning and drying out the physique, though, so if that’s your
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    You need to know about the properties of each compound
    so you can decide what benefits (and downsides) each one will bring
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    You could be questioning about typical doses for the first
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    Dromostanolone is a synthetic anabolic steroid with
    anti-estrogenic properties and is 5 occasions stronger than methyltestosterone,
    which is usually used illegally by bodybuilders to organize for competition.
    Dromostanolone will increase the retention of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium,
    resulting in increased protein anabolism and a decrease in the catabolism
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    “Pyramiding” is another type of anabolic steroid
    usage individuals try to prevent harmful unwanted effects.

    Nandrolone supplementation increases neuroinflammatory markers,
    including tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1B), indicating a neurotoxic response within the hippocampus (El-Shamarka et al., 2019).
    Puberty, a critical interval for brain maturation, may
    be immediately influenced by AAS, leading to structural and mind
    growth modifications and probably inflicting profound and lasting
    behavioral effects (Cunningham et al., 2013). Thus,
    these impacts could also be more pronounced in young ladies, especially
    adolescents, than adults (Lumia and McGinnis, 2010). You can easily become psychologically depending on anabolic steroid use (meaning you develop
    an elevated tendency to keep taking the drug even in spite of
    attainable dangerous effects). There are
    worries concerning the quality and security of
    anabolic steroids that are sold on the black market, with falsified, substandard and counterfeit
    anabolic steroids not being uncommon.
    Steroid abusers usually use more than one sort and take
    doses which are far greater than those used for respectable medical functions.
    Anabolic steroids are completely different than corticosteroids,
    such as prednisone, that are generally prescribed for asthma and inflammation. Anabolic steroids
    are an artificial type of the male hormone testosterone and
    are designed to build muscle mass and strength. They could also be prescribed to treat hormone problems in males, delayed puberty and muscle loss from some illnesses.

    Persistent publicity to AAS causes significant cardiovascular alterations due to androgen receptors within the myocardium and
    blood vessels (Bergink et al., 1985). Stanozolol, a synthetic
    spinoff of testosterone (Dodge and Hoagland, 2011), is a white crystalline substance soluble in water, alcohol, chloroform,
    and dimethylformamide (Lemma et al., 2017).
    Like 5-DHT, stanozolol doesn’t aromatize to estrogen, resulting in low water and
    electrolyte retention (Osta et al., 2016).
    It is utilized by athletes and feminine resistance training practitioners (Abrahin et al., 2014, Collomp et al.,
    2022) and is clinically utilized in treating situations like aplastic
    anemia and hereditary angioedema (Vergallo et al.,
    2020).
    With the technological advancements of the latest past, such
    because the inventions of modern computers, smartphones, and the web, the virtual
    area and the number of potential social media users have vastly elevated (Shah, 2016).
    The first social media platform was born in 1997, however social media began to turn out to be rather more popular with the
    release of MySpace in 2003 (Shah, 2016). The reputation of those platforms among
    adolescents has steadily risen since 2010 and continually changes
    with the release of recent platforms corresponding to TikTok (Vogels et al., 2022).
    As of 2022, adolescents’ most popular social media platforms are Youtube, TikTok, Instagram,
    and Snapchat, which heavily revolve round videos and pictures (Vogels et al., 2022).
    Such a historical past is easily missed
    when evaluating males who are older and not
    visibly athletic. Corticosteroids check with either naturally occurring compounds produced by the
    adrenal cortex or artificial versions that mirror their molecular construction.
    What’s extra, people who misuse these steroids generally take doses between 10 and a hundred
    instances stronger than these prescribed for legitimate medical circumstances.
    Nonprescription doses are often 10 to 100 instances greater than the doses healthcare suppliers prescribe to treat medical
    situations. This is why the side effects are often more severe than the unwanted effects of prescribed anabolic steroid use.

    Misuse of anabolic steroids could cause quite a lot of side effects starting
    from delicate to harmful or even life-threatening. Most side effects are reversible if you cease taking the medication, but others could also be everlasting.
    The long-term well being injury attributable to anabolic steroids
    isn’t well value the worth.
    Despite the virilizing side effects, many athletes continued to obtain both oral and intramuscular AAS; but some insupportable
    unwanted effects (acne, hirsutism, liver damage) led some athletes
    to discontinue AAS and withdraw from a few of the
    occasions. The success observed amongst feminine athletes of
    the GDR formed the basis of AAS abuse in feminine competitive sports.
    AAS should not be confused with other types of steroids such
    as corticosteroids (e.g., cortisone or prednisone), which have no
    anabolic results and hence little abuse potential (Pope and Brower, 2005; Sheffield-Moore and Urban, 2004).

    When taken in supraphysiologic doses, AAS enable customers to greatly improve muscle strength and athletic performance, typically
    nicely beyond the restrict attainable by pure
    means (Kouri et al., 1995). The great majority of
    illicit AAS customers, however, are not elite athletes; certainly many aren’t aggressive athletes
    at all, however simply people who need to become extra muscular (Buckley et al., 1988;
    Kanayama et al., 2001b; Parkinson and Evans, 2006). [6] These mechanisms may
    play a a lot bigger role in the anabolic/anticatabolic actions of
    anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs) than once thought. At physiologic testosterone
    levels, almost all androgen receptors are engaged.

    References:

    PedsElite

  2. There are totally different pharmaceutical manufacturers of Testosterone Enanthate in different nations.
    The most generally available and well-known model within the US and Canada is Delatestryl.
    However, Delatestryl is now not straightforward to find as a outcome
    of strict rules around anabolic steroids in North America.

    It’s comprehensible to wish to see quick outcomes if you use any steroid, however with Testosterone Enanthate, you will want some endurance
    while the steroid takes impact, and this will take a few weeks a minimal of.
    Wholesome individuals with regular cholesterol levels
    will normally be in a position to handle the combined stress attributable to an AI and testosterone, however cholesterol levels
    ought to still be monitored. These with existing ldl cholesterol problems should rethink utilizing any steroids that cause further negative alterations to cholesterol.

    If a woman tolerates this dose well, the subsequent
    step is 10mg; many will discover 10mg daily to be the proper stability.
    Nonetheless, various girls confidently use 15 and even 20mg day by day, which
    is in a position to enormously improve the prospect of virilizing side effects.
    But that’s just one facet of the story… Performance
    doses take issues to a new level as a outcome of we want to benefit from Anavar’s anabolic results beyond what’s required in medical therapies.

    Anavar is a versatile compound that can be used for
    all purposes (even bulking!), however it is best suited
    to cutting, recomping, and growing energy. If utilizing Var with other orals, all the time reduce doses
    of every, and, no matter which compounds you employ, at all times start with low doses and acquire as
    much as you can from these. It’s very easy to start out with big doses, but where
    do you go from there?
    Whether Or Not you would possibly be looking for slicing or bulking, the Deca Durabolin stacks would help.
    We guided you thru one of the best and the worst combos of
    Deca Durabolin. Also, it gave you adequate causes and evidence to pick out the ones
    that fit your degree. Moreover, alcohol can blunt the fat-burning effects of clenbuterol, especially in stubborn areas,
    because of cortisol being a fat-storing hormone. Albuterol also burns fats through the process of thermogenesis via the stimulation of the CNS.
    Thus, the benefits and unwanted effects of albuterol are much like these of clenbuterol.

    Researchers have identified for many years
    that all steroids have each anabolic and androgenic results.
    To quantify the stability between these results, they developed the anabolic ratio, which compares a steroid’s muscle-building potential to its likelihood of inflicting undesirable unwanted aspect effects.
    Nonetheless, additionally they send other
    alerts referred to as androgenic effects, which promote male
    characteristics, including physique and facial hair development,
    a deeper voice, a extra pronounced jawline, aggression, and acne.
    Mix this with claims that Winstrol’s unwanted aspect effects are milder than many different steroids, and it’s easy
    to see why so many bodybuilders are eager to inject or ingest this powerful drug.
    Nevertheless, winstrol and trenbolone are two of the harshest steroids you’ll be able to take.

    Most novices will solely take a glance at including testosterone in a stack with EQ to fight the suppressive nature of Boldenone.
    However the testosterone will also serve to ship some mass gains, so lengthy as the beginner can adequately management estrogenic unwanted effects, which can happen at this dosage.
    It’s no surprise in any respect that this steroid
    has been (illegally) utilized by some elite athletes.
    Both women and men often comply with a Winstrol cycle lasting
    6 to 8 weeks.
    This increase in visceral fat (around the inner organs) is caused by insulin resistance via estrogen dominance (commonly attributable
    to steroids that aromatize). The injection has the benefit of avoiding
    your liver and saving you from some adverse unwanted effects.
    We recommend limiting your Winstrol Depot injection to 50 mg a day for 6 to 8 weeks.
    Anabolic steroids might enhance sensitivity to anticoagulants; due to this
    fact, dosage of an anticoagulant could have to
    be decreased to find a way to preserve the prothrombin time at the desired therapeutic
    level.
    Naturally, this cycle can increase the degree of unwanted aspect effects in comparison with the beginner protocol.
    Thus, testosterone suppression is prone to be heightened
    post-cycle, as are water retention, ldl cholesterol, and
    the danger of gynecomastia. Staying on a low dose can lead to plateaus; nevertheless,
    by rising the dose and length of the cycle,
    customers can continue including muscle and power. 10
    kilos of further lean muscle can be gained on account of this follow-up cycle.
    This before-and-after transformation is typical of a bodybuilder’s outcomes
    after taking a low-dose testosterone cycle for the primary time.

    We usually see testosterone inflicting only gentle fluctuations in ldl cholesterol when taken in modest dosages with little hepatic
    toxicity. Thus, it is considered one of the most cardiovascular-friendly
    anabolic steroids available. Winstrol may even cause testosterone ranges
    to close down due to damage to the HPTA axis. Users usually experience their natural testosterone ranges returning a quantity of months after taking Winstrol (assuming they don’t take any other anabolic substances following post-Winstrol cessation).
    Our patients sometimes see endogenous testosterone levels
    return to normal levels within forty five days with an effective PCT.
    In widespread with different anabolic steroids,
    WINSTROL (anabolic steroids) has been reported to lower
    the level of high-density lipoproteins and raise the extent of low-density lipoproteins.

    References:

    pedselite

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