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Tag: Food Safety

What is Clostridium perfringens?

Cooling
Divide large amounts of food into smaller containers for faster cooling. Photo: USDA FSIS

You may not hear it about it much, but Clostridium perfringens is one of the most common foodborne illness sources with about 1 million cases in the U.S. each year. Common symptoms are diarrhea and stomach cramps within 6-24 hours of eating contaminated food.

Where is it commonly found? In foods that have been temperature abused. This means the food was kept at unsafe temperatures, between 40°F—140°F, and pathogen grows and multiplies. Common food sources include soup, stews, gravies, meat, poultry, casseroles and other large amounts of food. Outbreaks tend to happen where large groups of people are served the meal. These outbreaks occur mostly in November and December.

So, as you plan your holidays, remember to keep hot food hot, cold food cold, and cool leftovers safely by dividing large quantities into small quantities to cool quickly. Do your part to prevent illness from C. perfringens!

 

Rinsing Poultry Not Worth the Risk

Poultry TemperatureThe practice of washing or rinsing raw poultry can actually put you and others at a higher risk of foodborne illness. Quite simply, there’s no need to do this.

Participants in an observational study were observed in handling and preparation practices to see how bacteria moves from raw foods to other foods or surfaces. They were divided into a control group and a treatment group. Food safety messages were sent via email prior to observation sessions to learn how effective those messages were in preparing chicken.

Some reasons consumers feel rinsing raw poultry is necessary is to remove blood/slime, because a family member said to do so, or it washes off the germs or bacteria. Most do this under the faucet with water running without any other container. Because of this, water splashes onto other items or food causing cross contamination. Then, many improperly washed their hands by not using water or soap, or did not rub their hands with soap at least 20 seconds. They also were ineffective at cleaning and sanitizing equipment and countertops.

Bottom line. There is no need to wash any poultry or meat prior to cooking. Cooking to safe temperatures is the best and safest defense against foodborne illness. All poultry should reach 165°F; ground meat should reach 160°F; and roasts, steak, chops and fish should reach 145°F.

 

All Things Turkey

Turkey is about to become front and center on many holiday tables. Here are some resources to help keep the gift of foodborne illness away from your celebrations.

Let’s Talk Turkey—A guide to safely prepping and roasting turkey.

Stuffing and Food Safety—Whether you call it stuffing, filling or dressing, it requires safe handling and cooking. It is best to cook this tasty side dish outside of the turkey.

Other tips include:

Turkey Temp

Food Safety for Food Entrepreneurs

NCFSENA three-part series of webinars will take place in October and November for entrepreneurs who want to start a food business. These webinars are hosted by the North Central Food Safety Extension Network.

This webinar series will focus on the best practices related to food safety, food labeling, cleaning and sanitation of food contact surfaces.

  • Food Safety Basics—Planning for food safety helps to ensure the safety of your food products and protects both your consumers and your business.
  • Food Labeling Basics—Learn about labeling your food products, FDA’s food package labeling requirements, including nutrition, ingredients, allergens and more.
  • Cleaning and Sanitation Basics—Learn about the definition of cleaning and sanitization, and methods to clean and sanitize food contact surfaces.

Event details:

October 12, 26 and November 9, 2022

Noon CST/1:00 EST

Registration required at https://go.iastate.edu/SZAPVM

 

2023 Consumer Food Safety Education Conference

Rinsing Peppers
Photo: USDA FSIS

Every two years, the Partnership for Food Safety Education hosts the Consumer Food Safety Education Conference. The next event will be March 1-3, 2023 in Arlington, VA. The theme is The Future of Food Safety: Everyone Has a Seat at the Table.

This event is for food safety educators and communicators; public health professionals; Cooperative Extension educators; food and beverage industry professionals; K-12 educators; and many others. The goal is to help prepare for national goals such as HealthyPeople 2030 and New Era of Smarter Food Safety.

Registration is now open!

 

Solving Bagged Salad Food Safety Problems

Lettuce
Fresh greens
Photo: USDA Flickr

Packaged salad greens are an easy way to include nutritious greens into many meals. But the biggest challenge is food safety has many foodborne illness outbreaks have occurred over the years. Between 1998 and 2019, 36 outbreaks have occurred linked to mostly romaine lettuce.

Researchers are working to unravel the causes of these outbreaks. A recent study conducted by the USDA Agricultural Research Service has found that E. coli survived in lettuce harvested in the fall 5.6 times more than the same varieties in late spring.

General bacterial population also varied by season, lettuce deterioration rate factors, and the survival of E. coli affect safety. Lettuce harvested in the fall had a greater rate of deterioration which can lead to better pathogen survival. There is a potential to use the microbiome on lettuce as a food safety indicator of microbial quality in bagged lettuce.

Research continues on this challenging fresh product. Consumer demands of easy to prepare foods continues. But this finding gives paths of research to learn more about intrinsic characteristics for pathogen survival.

Read more at www.ars.usda.gov/news-events/news/research-news/2022/fall-seasonal-effects-connected-to-e-coli-outbreaks-in-bagged-romaine/

 

Food Safety Mythbusters

MythbustersThe Partnership for Food Safety Education has several social media graphics ready to use to help bust some myths about food safety practices.

These graphics are in English and Spanish. There are seven categories of food safety topics. They include:

  • Clean & Sanitize
  • Babies & Toddlers
  • Fridge & Freezer
  • Microwave
  • Fruits & Veggies
  • Meat & Poultry
  • Food Delivery

Simply select the link to download the graphic, save to your device and share!

 

Food Safety Education Month—Food Thermometers

 

Food Thermometer
A food thermometer is a great investment for safe food!

When cooking any meat, poultry, and egg products, a food thermometer is the best tool in your kitchen to determine if the food is done and safe for consumption.

What does “doneness” mean? It is when the food is cooked properly and has desirable sensory aspects of the food such as texture, appearance, and juiciness. These are subjective.

Safely cooked food is when pathogenic microorganisms, which can cause illness, are destroyed. The “doneness” temperature is the minimum internal temperature to destroy these harmful microorganisms. This temperature varies by food product. The food thermometer is the best tool to measure temperature accurately. It can also help keep from overcooking the food.

Using color to determine “doneness” is not reliable. Research has shown that using meat color is unpredictable. Hamburger patties may be brown in the middle, yet the temperature has not reached the 160°F minimum temperature. Also, the patty may be pink in the middle, yet the temperature has reached the 160°F temperature.

Remember these three temperatures:

  • 145°F for steaks, roasts, chops, fish
  • 160°F for ground meat; egg recipes
  • 165°F for all poultry; reheating leftovers; casseroles

Source: USDA FSIS Kitchen Thermometers and Safe Minimum Internal Temperature Chart

 

Cooking Chicken Wings Safely

Chicken WingsChicken wings are very popular. But Salmonella has been the spoiler due to improper cooking. Many cooks do not use a food thermometer or just use visual clues for doneness. The recommended internal temperature for all poultry products is 165°F.

A validation study, conducted at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln and published in the Journal of Food Science, was designed to determine the thermal lethality of Salmonella on fresh chicken wings cooked in a conventional convection oven and in an air fryer, two popular dry heat cooking methods. The goal was to validate cooking times and temperatures to guide consumers in safely cooking chicken wings.

Chicken wings were inoculated with a five-strain cocktail of Salmonella, then cooked in each appliance for 2, 5, 10, 15, 20, 22, or 25 minutes and at actual temperatures of 288.5°F-298.2°F in the convection oven and 340.7°F-364.5°F in the air fryer. In the end, all cooking times below 22 minutes still tested positive for Salmonella. Recipe sources can benefit with using this information to guide consumers to safely cook chicken wings.

 

Helpful Hygiene Education Resources

Handwashing
Handwashing is an important habit to prevent many types of illness.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have launched a new website to educate consumers about healthy hygiene habits with new tools and resources.

Topics highlighted on this website include:

  • How to clean and disinfect your home.
  • The importance of healthy infant hygiene practices.
  • Practical tips on healthy hygiene habits.
  • Hygiene practices when around animals.
  • Resources for public health and medical professionals.

There is a bi-lingual web-based training for K-12 personnel in schools and child care about clean hands and spaces.

Education can be enhanced with the latest statistics about hygiene services and personal hygiene. Educational materials are available in many formats such as fact sheets, posters, podcasts, and videos.

Learn more at www.cdc.gov/hygiene/index.html.